Gene Dmel\LysS

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\LysS

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Lysozyme S

Annotation symbol

CG1165

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0004430

Created / Updated

2003-12-01/2003-12-01

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

Cytogenetic map

61F4-61F4

Sequence location

3L:1,227,768..1,228,239 [+]

Map ( GBrowse )

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene Lysozyme S is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol LysS (CG1165, FBgn0004430). It has the cytological map location 61F4. Its sequence location is 3L:1227768..1228239. Its molecular function is described as lysozyme activity. It is involved in the biological processes: antimicrobial humoral response; cell wall catabolic process. One allele is reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

61F4-61F4

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)05967⁰⁵⁹⁶⁷ and P{PZ}l(3)02640⁰²⁶⁴⁰

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Overall orientation not stated: LysB+ LysC+ LysD- LysE+ LysP- LysS+

(Daffre et al., 1994)

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\LysS for information on other features

Comments on Gene Model

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

LysS-RA

FBtr0072631

NM_057481

472

140

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

0.482 (longest cDNA)

(Daffre et al., 1994)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

LysS-PA

FBpp0072527

15.7

140

4.45

NP_476829

AAF47453

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

139 (aa)

(Daffre et al., 1994)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways

•

FBgn0004430

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Glycoside hydrolase, family 22, lysozyme (IPR000974)

Glycoside hydrolase, family 22 (IPR001916)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

P37160

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Maps to

DS07291

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Does NOT map to

Identified with

LP06719

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

Mapped Features & Mutations

Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs

•

1909

Crossreferences

Expression Data

FlyBase-Curated Data

Transcript and
Protein data

Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.

Summary of Transcript Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

larval stage

gastric caecum

(Daffre et al., 1994)

larval stage

(Daffre et al., 1994)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Summary of Polypeptide Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

External Data & Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004430

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

FBgn0004430

GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004430

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Classical Alleles ( 0 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of LysS	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 1 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of LysS	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
LysS^GD5939		in vitro construct \| RNAi in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion	1	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Useful deficiency

Df(3L)Ar14-8

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

P{GD5939}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

Related Comments

Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data

Lysozymes are expressed at a high level mainly in the digestive tract, they are not a component of the haemolymph. Lysozyme is not induced by bacteria so is not part of the inducible immune response but instead has been recruited for digestion of symbiotic bacteria in the stomach.

(Daffre et al., 1994)

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 4 )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

lysozyme activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Daffre et al., 1994)

non-traceable author statement

(Lemaitre, 2000.12.20)

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1994.10.1)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000974

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

antimicrobial humoral response

non-traceable author statement

(Lemaitre, 2000.12.20)

cell wall catabolic process

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000974

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Cellular Component

CV term

Evidence

References

extracellular region

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001916

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

nuclear_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

LysS allele

Gene

References

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions

•

63676

Orthologs

Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs

Dana\GF24437

Dere\GG14763

Dpse\GA11118

Dsim\GD17617

Dvir\GJ12896

Dwil\GK21117

Dyak\LysS

Curated drosophilid orthologs

Dpse\GA11118

Dyak\LysS

Linkouts

Functional Complementation between Species

Inter-Species Misexpression Data

Produces phenotype in

Produces NO phenotype in

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 1 )

VDRC

v13886

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD5939}v13886

Genomic Clones ( 1 )

BACR17K17

cDNA Clones ( 5 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LP06719

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

Affy Oligo

Linkouts

DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design

•

FBgn0004430

GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data

•

FBgn0004430

Antibody Information

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Position Effect Variegation Data

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: LysS BcDNA:LP06719 Source for merge of LysS BcDNA:LP06719 was a shared cDNA (date:030728).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Comments About Role

Comments About Molecular Function

Other Comments

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

RefSeq (Transcripts)

•

NM_057481

RefSeq (Proteins)

•

NP_476829

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

•

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

•

P37160

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Glycoside hydrolase, family 22, lysozyme (IPR000974)

Glycoside hydrolase, family 22 (IPR001916)

Linkouts

BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions

•

63676

DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs

•

1909

DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design

•

FBgn0004430

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004430

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

FBgn0004430

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0004430

GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004430

GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data

•

FBgn0004430

PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways

•

FBgn0004430

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

BcDNA:LP06719

CG1165

LysS

(Waterhouse et al., 2007, )

lysS

(Lemaitre, 2000.12.20)

Name Synonym

Lysozyme S

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0002575
FBgn0063108

References ( 17 )

Research paper

Waterhouse et al., 2007, Science 316(5832): 1738--1743: Evolutionary dynamics of immune-related genes and pathways in disease-vector mosquitoes. [FBrf0200242]
Regel et al., 1998, Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol. 28(5-6): 309--319: Molecular adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster lysozymes to a digestive function. [FBrf0103352]
Daffre et al., 1994, Molec. gen. Genet. 242(2): 152--162: The lysozyme locus in Drosophila melanogaster: an expanded gene family adapted for expression in the digestive tract. [FBrf0068462]

Review

Engstrom, 1998, Brey, Hultmark, 1998: 211--244: Insect immune gene regulation. [FBrf0100021]
Hetru et al., 1998, Brey, Hultmark, 1998: 40--66: Antimicrobial peptides from insects. [FBrf0100070]
Hultmark, 1996, EXS 75: 87--102: Insect lysozymes. [FBrf0089693]
Faye and Hultmark, 1993, Beckage, Thompson, Federici, 1993 2: 25--53: The insect immune proteins and the regulation of their genes. [FBrf0085021]

Personal communication to FlyBase

Dickson et al., 2007.7.18, RNAi construct and insertion data submitted by the Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center: RNAi construct and insertion data submitted by the Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center [FBrf0200327]
FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-, Gene Ontology annotation in FlyBase through association of InterPro records with GO terms.: Gene Ontology annotation in FlyBase through association of InterPro records with GO terms. [FBrf0174215]
Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Drosophila immunity genes.: Drosophila immunity genes. [FBrf0133282]

FlyBase analysis

FlyBase, 1996-, FlyBase inference based on genome sequence analysis.: FlyBase inference based on genome sequence analysis. [FBrf0104946]
FlyBase, 1992-, FlyBase curation: FlyBase curation. [FBrf0105495]

Protein sequence record

Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1994.10.1, UniProtKB: P37160: Lysozyme S precursor (EC 3.2.1.17) (1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase S). [FBrf0156714]

Computer file

BDGP Project Members, 2000-, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project.: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project. [FBrf0125078]

Automatic genome annotation

FamiliarityBreedsContempt, 1999.11, [Annotations performed at the Celera Jamboreee.]: [Annotations performed at the Celera Jamboreee.] [FBrf0126705]

Thesis

Kylsten, 1991, Thesis, Stockholm University, Sweden: 81pp: Two families of antibacterial proteins from the cecropin and lysozyme loci of Drosophila melanogaster: a structural and functional study. [FBrf0064869]

Curated genome annotation

Zhong, 1999.11, [Annotations performed at the Celera Jamboreee.]: [Annotations performed at the Celera Jamboreee.] [FBrf0126703]